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Vertical restraints on competition in the sector of e-commerce
Krumlová, Dita ; Šmejkal, Václav (advisor) ; Svobodová, Magdaléna (referee)
This thesis deals with the selected vertical restraints on competition that occur in the sector of e-commerce, namely resale price maintenance, dual pricing and most-favoured-nation clauses. The thesis raises the research question what stance the European Commission, the Court of Justice of the European Union, and particularly national competition authorities and courts of the Federal Republic of Germany, the French Republic, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, the Italian Republic, the Kingdom of the Netherlands and the Kingdom of Sweden take to the above-mentioned practices. The decisions of the authorities are considered in terms of their degree of strictness towards the vertical restraints in question. From a systematic point of view, the thesis is divided into eight chapters. Its subject, basic questions, aims and methods used are outlined in the introductory chapter. The second chapter, which deals with the concept of e-commerce, mainly provides the definition of the scope of the sector under consideration from a material point of view. The third chapter analyses the results of the European Commission's inquiry into the e-commerce sector, especially its conclusions on the functioning of the sector, its features and trends in this sector, particularly with regard to their...
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Vertical restraints on competition in the sector of e-commerce
Krumlová, Dita ; Šmejkal, Václav (advisor) ; Svobodová, Magdaléna (referee)
This thesis deals with the selected vertical restraints on competition that occur in the sector of e-commerce, namely resale price maintenance, dual pricing and most-favoured-nation clauses. The thesis raises the research question what stance the European Commission, the Court of Justice of the European Union, and particularly national competition authorities and courts of the Federal Republic of Germany, the French Republic, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, the Italian Republic, the Kingdom of the Netherlands and the Kingdom of Sweden take to the above-mentioned practices. The decisions of the authorities are considered in terms of their degree of strictness towards the vertical restraints in question. From a systematic point of view, the thesis is divided into eight chapters. Its subject, basic questions, aims and methods used are outlined in the introductory chapter. The second chapter, which deals with the concept of e-commerce, mainly provides the definition of the scope of the sector under consideration from a material point of view. The third chapter analyses the results of the European Commission's inquiry into the e-commerce sector, especially its conclusions on the functioning of the sector, its features and trends in this sector, particularly with regard to their...
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The doctrine of the ban on parallel imports within competition law of the European Union
Neuwirth, František ; Šmejkal, Václav (advisor) ; Svoboda, Pavel (referee)
THE DOCTRINE OF THE PROHIBITION ON PARALLEL IMPORTS RESTRICTIONS WITHIN COMPETITION LAW OF THE EUROPEAN UNION The aim of this thesis is to analyse the current approach of EU competition law to parallel imports restrictions in light of nearly a half-century of EU Courts' case-law's evolution and in comparison with the approach adopted by US antitrust law. The traditional attitude of the EU Courts and of the Commission towards competition restraints of this type is described in literature in clear terms. However, this is not the case when it comes to the recent and current ambiguous developments within EU competition law. Therefore, this thesis aims to verify these two hypotheses. The first hypothesis says that evolution of the EU institutions approach to parallel imports restrictions has a circular nature: it starts from the traditional, intransigent position adopted in the early decades of European integration and it continues through a more lenient, economic approach in the period of the so called modernization of EU competition law to return to a rather traditional attitude typical of the current times. According to the second hypothesis, the current EU institutions' attitude towards parallel imports restrictions has nevertheless been shifted, during the modernization period, to a more...
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Possibility of the creation of the cartel agreements in the Czech periodical and non-periodical press market? Case study
Machulda, Ondřej ; Vostrovská, Zdenka (advisor) ; Šmíd, Jan (referee)
The aim of this theses is to analyze the market structure of the periodical and non-periodical market in the Czech republic. Main goal is to find out, if there is a possibility of the creation of the horizontal cartels. The first part will focus on the theoretical concept of the cartel, its economic and legal consequences for the market. Practical part explore a vertical relationship in the market of periodical and non-periodical press, which is a specific market, simply because publisher determines the final price and unsold copies (remittances) buys back at a selling price. This analysis is the basis for dealing with a specific case, that have been discussed by the Office for the protection of competition on the suspicion of the coordinated action of the competitors to gain a dominant position in one part of this market in the distribution of periodical and non-periodical press. The final part examines the impact of this concrete case and its consequences on developement of this market regarding cartel agreements.
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Vertical integration and vertical restraints - The Case of the Czech manufacturing industry
Hronza, Martin ; Zemplinerová, Alena (advisor) ; Brožová, Dagmar (referee)
Diploma thesis "Vertical integration and vertical restraints - The Case of the Czech manufacturing industry" deals with the empirical examination of the influence of the degree of vertical integration on the productivity of Czech firms in the manufacturing industry and is focused on some aspects of the automotive industry during the period 1998 -- 2007. At the theoretical level the work deals with determinants of vertical integration and vertical restraints, both on an individual level and also in terms of social welfare. The results of the analysis show the existence of the negative relationship between the degree of vertical integration and the productivity of companies in the manufacturing sector. Examination of the automotive industry showed reduction of the output gap between domestic and foreign firms.
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